Abbreviate « etc » if the work has four or more authors/editors. ‘ should be used after the first author’s name. Can also use ‘et al. ‘ After the first author if the work has three authors.

Do Harvard reference books use etc.?

« Wait. » Used in Harvard style Indicates that a source has four or more authors. By using « et al. » authors can also avoid listing very long citations for each author.

When can I use etc?

Abbreviation « etc ». (meaning « and others ») used for Shorten in-text citations with three or more authors. This works as follows: Include only the first author’s last name, followed by « et al. », a comma, and the year of publication, e.g. (Taylor et al., 2018).

When should et al be used in a citation?

exist First mention of a work with three, four or five authors. Only when a work has six or more authors should the first in-text citation consist of the first author, followed by et al. With five or fewer authors, all authors’ last names should be spelled out on first mention.

How do you use the et al in-text Harvard reference?

In the citation, If a source has three or more authors, the name of the first author should be given, followed by the phrase « et al. Citation example: Emphasize that citations in the text should be consistent (Jones et al., 2011).

Harvard’s CU Guide: Sources With More Than Three Authors

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